Managing Change

In any association change is something which is unavoidable subsequently it is the obligation of the supervisor of some random association to guarantee that the change is overseen effectively.â One significant error administrators do make is that a large portion of their occasions they will in general force the adjustment in the association with the end goal that each worker needs to keep it.â The fact of the matter is, we need to comprehend that change happens yet representatives must be made to experience the change bit by bit. Essentially a change can't occur on the double; it is something which needs to come gradually.â Therefore supervisors ought not expect that once a change is begun then every worker is to utilize the presence of mind to realize that the change is either occurring or has occurred. What is significant before change is embraced and joined in every day working methodology of an association is the individual contrasts in the organization.â This will assist supervisors with improving their administration styles particularly in establishments where majority rules system prevails.â In any business condition the principle point is to boost the benefit and minimization of losses.â If the change will bring positive outcomes then it is comparable to a rest. Before any rebuilding or change happen in an association, I trust it is a great idea to comprehend why the change happens, where it is from and the objective gathering of individuals it is to affect.â This is on the grounds that in critical thinking circumstance, the main driver of the issue must be distinguished is when potential arrangements are identified.â Individual workers working in the association must be made mindful of the change and things disclosed to them all the more broadly. Coming up next are a portion of its techniques followed in singular change process as indicated by Robert Bacal(nd).â Generally there are three stages that are followed for change to take place.â The primary stage is the arrangement stage which is partitioned into two phases, specifically: the contact and mindfulness stage. The contact stage is the start of progress process. It is the detecting or foreseeing that change is either occurring or has taken place.â It is the starter condition of progress process.â The mindfulness stage is the place a person in an association become all around educated about the change.â The change is being examined in this stage.â The second period of progress is the acknowledgment stage which is additionally partitioned into getting stage and constructive discernment stage. The understanding stage is the place the individual is to conceptualize the topic that is investigation of the change.â This causes one to comprehend its inclination and why it happens. It can possibly occur when a nitty gritty exploration has taken place.â The positive observation stage at that point takes place.â This is the place an individual is made to see the change emphatically for it will enable the association to improve the outcomes it produces. Results for this situation might be items delivered by an organization or administrations provided.â For this to happen change must be given positive judgment and observation. The last stage in change process is responsibility stage, which is additionally partitioned into four phases specifically: the establishment, selection, organization and disguise stage.â The establishment stage is significant on the grounds that it manages the usage of the change.â Question like how are individuals made to acknowledge the change is very important.â A change which isn't successfully overseen will be dismissed. So this turns into a pivotal stage with regards to change process.â Installation has to do with guaranteeing the change works in the association and all the assets must be utilized. After execution, the change is then embraced. In the reception stage, change currently becomes something that everybody in association is utilized to.â Could be its constructive outcomes has been seen or  it may have increased the value of the association thereforeâ it is worthy.â The third stage in this stage is the phase of institutionalization.â The change is presently taken to have a long history and respected to be helpful to the association. It is seen as solid, having some worth and thusly it is joined into the day by day working methods of the organization.â The change is made authority and collectively acknowledged in the running of the organization.â The last stage is where every individual is assume to be committed to change.â This is on the grounds that the change presently becomes something which has been tried, tested, attempted and trusted by the association. Any change ought to be clarified to the entire gathering of representatives in a business organization.â This is the point at which the workers will have confidence in their leader.â It is accepted that collaboration is the key component for good outcomes to be obtained.â So managing people in an association implies the pioneer/supervisor is attempting to utilize separation and rule technique and this will dishearten employees.â So for soul of cooperation to be kept up things should simply be done together and talked about. The adjustment for this situation must be known to everyone so they can respond to it before executing it or, more than likely a few individuals won't be OK with the change.â Piloting ought to be done before the genuine usage to decide whether it will carry negative or positive effect on the organization.â The emotions and enthusiasm of representatives should simply be considered on the grounds that they generally fill in as a group. Wellsprings of data likewise matters a ton in any organization.â For instance bits of gossip spreading will befuddle and mislead the employees.â This regularly happens when data is spilled to a tick of individuals.â The data ought to be made authority from the top most individual ideally the manager.â Otherwise with regards to huge organizations, top most directors will in general utilize broad communications, for example, TV and radio framework this is on the grounds that the data is targetingâ â an enormous number of individuals and particularly compelling when the data is to be passed extremely quick. Taking everything into account impacts of progress will to a great extent rely upon how viable the change was actualized and the managers’ capacity to guarantee that the representatives take the change more positively.â Therefore, he needs to know the emotions and interests of workers before change take place.â He likewise needs to clarify in time why the change is important. List of sources Luecke R. (2003) Managing Change and Transition.Havard Business School press Gianna M., Enach and Herbert W. (1998) Embracing and Managing Change in Tourism.Routledge:Taylor&Francis Group distributers Diminish E. and Amanda C. (1999) Managing Change: Changing the Role of Top Public Servants. Ward Secretariat distributers. Ingham, G. (2000) Managing Change: A Guide to British Economic Policy.Manchester

Giordano Surname Meaning and Family History

Giordano Surname Meaning and Family History The Italian type of the name Jordan, the Giordano last name has its underlying foundations in Yarden, the Hebrew name of the Jordan waterway streaming between the nations of Jordan and Israel. Inferred fromâ yarad, which means plummet or stream down. Its root is Italian. Well known People With the Giordano Last Name Umberto Giordano - Italian composerTyrone Giordano - Deaf actorLuca Giordano - seventeenth century Italian artistGus Giordano - Innovator of current American jazz move Where Do People With the Surname Live? The biggest populaces of people with the Giordano last name are in Italy, as you may anticipate. Concurring to WorldNames PublicProfiler, the Giordano last name is generally famous in the southern boot of Italy-Campania, Basilicata, Puglia, and Sicilia. There is likewise aâ slightly denser populace in the Piemonte district, yet the name is famous all through Italy. It is likewise genuinely normal in Argentina. Family name dispersion information from Forebears, shows that Giordano is the eleventh most famous name in Italy and the 30th generally normal in Monaco.Source: Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket version), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Man Charged in Arizona Payday Loan Scheme - OppLoans

Man Charged in Arizona Payday Loan Scheme - OppLoans Man Charged in Arizona Payday Loan Scheme Man Charged in Arizona Payday Loan SchemeInside Subprime:  September 5, 2019By Lindsay FrankelA Paradise Valley man was indicted in late July for allegedly providing false statements to investors in a payday loan business scam that funneled the funds from investors into lavish purchases.  A businessman, 46, was accused of 22 felony counts of money laundering and wire fraud by a grand jury in the U.S. District Court in Phoenix. He allegedly drained $2.9 million from investors between 2010 and 2015. Court documents also revealed an estimated $89 million moved in and out of his bank accounts between 2009 and 2018.    According to the indictment, he “misrepresented virtually every material aspect of the purported investment opportunities,” which included lying about his background, how the money would be used, and the rate of return. Investors were falsely told their funds would be used only as short-term loans to small and start-up businesses, the indictment reads.The businessman cl aimed that the payday loans, which are short-term loans with high interest rates, wouldn’t be risky for investors because they were issued to businesses. He guaranteed returns greater than 20 percent to prospective investors.  Allegedly, the money was actually used to support his excessive lifestyle; including travel on private jets, purchase golf resort memberships, and throw expensive parties. He also put the money towards his mortgage payment and personal credit cards. To get away with it, he used money from later investors to pay back earlier investors.  He presented the scheme to investors at several luxury resorts in Palm Springs, Mexico, Idaho, and Scottsdale, as well as at Arizona State University football games.  He has pleaded not guilty and is facing several years of prison time. A trial is set to begin in October.  Arizona payday loans are illegal.  Learn more about payday loans, scams, and cash advances by checking out our city and state financial guides, including Fl orida, Illinois, Chicago, Ohio, Texas, and more.Visit  OppLoans  on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIn

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The Ewer An Example Of Renaissance - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 658 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/06/14 Category Art Essay Level High school Tags: Renaissance Essay Did you like this example? The Ewer is French and was made in a town located in the west known as Paris. This ceramic belongs to the French Renaissance and there are many more like it but never of the same design for each one is unique. This style had a name of itrs own, known as Saint-Porchaire ware. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Ewer: An Example Of Renaissance" essay for you Create order It had a very high quality and could be found under a kingrs possession due to the difficulty in making one. There are also ties to the royal court having these as well. The style has a mannerist decoration popular in Italian Renaissance leading us to believe the French had this influence. It is known that it was used to carry water or other liquid substances for beverage. There is no known artist to this piece like other Saint-Porchaire ware, all that has been recorded is it was made in a small shop. A few craftsmen are believed to have worked on these due to their similarities in style and design. The amount of labor that went to making this ewer was time consuming. Every little detail was made slowly and carefully made by lead-glazed earthenware. The design was made with clay spinning on a wheel and guided to its shape by hand. The handle and beak was hand molded as well and was helped with metal objects to give its shape and fine detail folding. After the texture was smooth and left to dry they used impressions to stamp the designs. You wont find any of these pottery pieces with multiple colors, they always contained creamy soft colors and dark ink from the stamps. This ewer is very well balanced in its design and the creaturers shapes and size are proportionate to one another. Itrs wide size on top meets to a small base at the bottom and then is being held by a wide platform for balance at the bottom. There is no history on what the small sculpted figures are made out of at the top, but the carving detail is perfected. The texture of this Ewer is not a smooth straight surface all around. You feel the sculpted design and pointed glazed cuts on the handle. The figures faces are three dimensional with the frogrs eyes popping out of its head and the ears of the sea creature at the bottom also standing out of his head. The ribbon like design on top of the stamps are also popping out of the base yet have a smooth texture. There is a strong antique style here and gives even a rustic feel. It makes you believe you could find this in a small outdated village, but with the amount of detail it contains you know this piece was rare to come by and one of a kind, therefore was sold at a high price. This is a historical Ewer leaving us with admiration. Looking at the detail and having us think about the dedication given to this pottery. It leaves us to interpret the creatures however we find more pleasing. Some see a snake but I see sea creatures to be discovered. It brings curiosity to the human eye, we are forced to analyze every detail, inch, and corner to try to understand it. Even to come up with an explanation for its design. The print of Two Flayed Men and Their Skeletons by Domenico Del Barbiere made me respect the dedication artists during the high renaissance had. They studied the human body so well they knew how the muscles worked together and skeletons down to their skeleton form. It makes me think of the extremes artistrs probably went through, such as being present in a body dissection after death where doctors performed incisions. They maybe even looked at doctor notes and books if it was available. I also chose to write about this print because it was all engraved which I know first hand takes a lot longer than sketching.

The Princess By Claire Standish - 1455 Words

Introduction Claire Standish or â€Å"the princess† portrays the stereotypical popular teenage girl in The Breakfast Club. She is in detention with everyone else because she decided to skip class and go shopping, which also plays into the stereotypical teen girl image. It can also be assumed that she is spoiled and rich since her father tried to get her out of detention but failed, and she mentions to the group that her parents only use her to get back at the other one. She brings a fancy lunch of sushi while the other teens either have nothing or the standard lunch one’s parents might pack for them. There are a couple of times in the movie that she brings up her social standing and could even be considered as looking down on those who are not as popular as her. Even closer towards the end of the movie she informs the others that if they were to say hello to her in the hallway in front of her friends, she would have no choice but to ignore them. By the end of the movie, she has open ed up to everyone else about her fears of letting her peers down and has formed a close relationship with Bender. Summary The Breakfast Club is about a group of five teenagers that portray different stereotypes of the athlete, the brain, the princess, the basket case and the criminal. They are all sent to detention at their school on a Saturday morning in order to write a letter about who each of them think they are and what sent them to detention. Throughout the entire afternoon they start from beingShow MoreRelatedCharacter Comparison of the Breakfast Club818 Words   |  4 PagesClub. The characters from the Breakfast Club that I feel most represent me are: Claire Standish (The Princess), and Brian Johnson (The Brian), and the one I feel least represents me is John Bender (The Criminal). Claire Standish is in my opinion a sophisticated individual who longs for independence. She is somebody, who throughout her entire life has sought individuality, and somebody who refuses to be a label. Claire is a somewhat reserved person, who is seemingly shy about revealing informationRead MoreThe Breakfast Club Essay721 Words   |  3 Pageswould constantly offend and pick on other characters. In addition to John Bender another character who experiences difficulty finding her own identity is Claire Standish; who was sent to Saturday’s detention for shopping during class but it didn’t cause much of an issue to Claire’s father. Claire is sought out to be a â€Å"conceited snobby rich prom princess† throughout the movie, making it challenging for the characters to get to fully know her before making assumptions. In the movie, one character namedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Breakfast Club 1230 Words   |  5 PagesSaturday to sit through eight hours of detention. These five students; Andrew Clark, Claire Standish, John Bender, Allison Reynolds and Brian Johnson, have nothing in common. The Breakfast Club zooms in on the high school social groups and cliques that are often seen in the development of peer groups during adolescents. The peer groups that are portrayed in The Breakfast Club include, John â€Å"the criminal†, Claire â€Å"t he Princess†, Allison â€Å"the Basket case†, Brian â€Å"the Brain†, and Andrew â€Å"the athlete†. TheRead MoreThe Breakfast Club By John Hughes846 Words   |  4 Pages But soon into the movie they quickly realize they are all too similar. This movie takes place in a high school in Shermer, Illinois. Four students are dropped off on a saturday for their detention. The geek Brian Johnson, the popular girl Claire Standish, the athlete Andrew Clark, and the creepy goth girl Allison Reynolds are all dropped off by their parents. Then the rebel John Bender decides to walk through the football field and wander to detention. Each parent has their own reasonings to beRead MoreThe Breakfast Club (English Essay)1835 Words   |  8 Pagesviewers but after time â€Å"The Breakfast Club† has shown to be very entertaining for adult audience. The cast and characters of â€Å"The Breakfast Club† (In no particular order) include John Bender â€Å"The Criminal† (Played by Judd Nelson), Claire Standish â€Å"The Princess† (Played by Molly Ringwald), Andrew Clark â€Å"The Athlete† (Played by Emilio Estevez), Brian Johnson â€Å"The Brain† (Played by Anthony Michael Hall), Allison Reynolds â€Å"The Basket Case† (Played by Ally Sheedy), Principal Richard Dick VernonRead MoreEssay on Breakfast Club1604 Words   |  7 PagesClark) usually picks on nerds such as Brian and would become an outcast in his group of athletes if he were ever caught dead socializing with him. The princess (Claire Standish) is part of a high social class and would never be caught dead with anyone outside her wealthy click (except perhaps Andrew since he is a jock and we all know the princess is usually dating the jock). The troublemaker (John Bender) preys on all the members of the group, exploiting their weakn esses for his personal enjoymentRead MoreChanges in John Hughes Film The Breakfast Club Essay1075 Words   |  5 Pagesmovie has five main characters that play five different, but common teenage personalities. â€Å"A brain† Brian Ralph Johnson (Anthony Michael Hall), â€Å"an athlete† Andy Clark (Emilio Estevez), â€Å"a basket case† Allison Reynolds (Ally Sheedy), â€Å"a princess† Claire Standish (Molly Ringwald), and â€Å"a criminal† John Bender (Judd Nelson) not only star in this movie, they are part of the elite â€Å"Brat Pack†, a group of young actors from the 80’s. The two other supporting actors are â€Å"the principal† Richard Vernon (PaulRead MoreThe Breakfast Club, By John Hughes1342 Words   |  6 Pagescoming to age movie, The Breakfast Club, five different high school teenagers are forced to be together one Saturday morning and afternoon in detention. Brian Johnson the brain, Andrew Clarke the athlete, All ison Reynolds the basket case, Claire Standish the princess and John Bender the criminal, are all forced to be caged together and think about who they are. In heated verbal and social exchanges, these aspiring adults learn to sympathize with the hardships of each other’s lives. They use differentRead MoreThe Breakfast Club Essay1071 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Breakfast Club† is a film that is well-know to be a movie that explains stereotypes and societal standards. This classic movie exemplifies group dynamic in society. It does this by portraying distinct stereotypes, varying from the so-called â€Å"princess† all the way to the so-called â€Å"criminal.† At the start of the film, each member in the group is completely different and separate. They were definitely considered an out-group, which is a group of people that don’t identify with one another. ThroughoutRead MoreThe Breakfast Club, By John Hughes1206 Words   |  5 Pagesmovie through their teenage characters. The Breakfast Club, directed by John Hughes, uses stereotypes and behaviors to categorize the characters. Actions, appearances, and dialects all are assigned to every person. The athlete, the criminal, the princess, the brain, and the basketcase. In the beginning of the film, the characters are thrown into detention together and then forced to interact with one another throughout a whole day. All from different backgrounds and walks of life, but as their time

Impact of climate change on Woolworths-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Impact of Climate Change on Woolworths. Answer: Impact of climate change on Woolworths Environmental issue is one of the prime concerns around the world in the present scenario. Climate is changing very rapidly and it is affecting every entity in the world (Collins et al. 2013). Business organizations have contradictory relations with the climatic changes. Organizations are directly or indirectly contributing in generating pollutants which lead to the climatic change. However, this change in the climate is adversely affecting their business also. This essay will discuss about the impact of climate changes in the business from the perspective of Woolworths (Berkhout 2012). In addition, the extent to which Woolworths is contributing in the climate change will also be discussed. Their current policies to counter this issue will be discussed in this essay. Woolworths is a supermarket brand based in Australia (Woolworths Online, 2017). They along with Coles are having majority of the market share in the Australian regions. They mainly deal with grocery products along with various stationery items (Woolworths Online, 2017). Present environment of Woolworths is favorable for their operations but the future business may get affected due to rapid climatic changes. Environmental changes can affect their supply chain of fruits and vegetables. Laws and regulations in Australia are also getting stricter. Woolworths will have to comply with all these laws for their operational facilities. Carbon emission is another environmental issue for them (Allwood et al. 2012). Woolworths is working on various initiatives to check their carbon emission. Climatic changes will also impacts on their business policies. Use of fossil fuels in the transportation of their supplies will also get affected due to lack of availability of non-renewable fuels in the fut ure (Hook and tang 2013). They have taken various initiatives to deal with these probable issues. Woolworths always try to comply with the current social environment in the Australian regions. They have introduced different latest concepts to fulfill the changed taste and preference pattern of the customers and offering them a whole new shopping experience. They have also identified that, current expectation of the customers is to have availability of various products across diversified price ranges. Thus, Woolworths offers products at the lowest possible prices to match the affordability of all the customer segments. Customers are also expecting convenience during shopping. Hence, they place their shopping centers in the heart of the city. They have started online platform of their stores to match with the current trend of online shopping (Rose et al. 2012). Online shopping also adds convenience to the customers. Customer loyalty program has also started to attract more customers and already Woolworths have inducted more than 900000 subscribers (Evanschitzky et al. 2012). With t he recent trend of preferring healthy and nutritional products by the customers, they are adding more green products and groceries. Economic environment of Woolworths is fluctuating in nature. Their business had been affected due to the recent global financial crisis. Unemployment and recession is the major factors in reducing the purchasing power of the customers (Hampson and McGoldrick 2013). This affects the business of Woolworths. They are gaining fewer customers due to the reduction in their purchasing power. These global issues are contributing in the negative growth of the organization. However, the retail industry in Australia is less affected from the financial crisis than the global market. Hence, Australian market is providing the most business opportunity for Woolworths. Natural environment of Australia is also degrading as the global environment. Though, Australian government has been introduced various measures to curb the change in environment, it is not enough to withstand. With the increase in industrialization and economic development, more pressure is being created on the environment. Climate change will mostly have negative impact for Woolworths. However, there are some opportunities that can be generated from the change in climate. Due to the reason of climate change, the average temperature will increase. This will lead to the increase in the demand for the winter appliances such as, air conditioners and refrigerator (Berkhout 2012). Also the food materials for the summer seasons will see the surge in demand. More environment friendly products will be sold by them. Shortage of supply will lead them to increase the price of their products in the market. This will enable them to infuse more revenue from the market. Change in the temperature will help in generating new requirement of the customers. Woolworths can get benefited by identifying these new requirements of the customers. Climate change will also have negative impact for Woolworths as well as for the entire retail industry. Products related to the winter seasons will have lower demand from the customers. Rise in temperature will also reduce the footfall in the stores. Perishable goods will be wasted due to the rise in temperature. Supply of the seasonal products will get affected due to the change in climate. Supply chain of Woolworths will get affected because of irregularity in the production due to change in climate. Change in environment will adversely affect the growth of food items and thus will increase the price in the market. Cultivation of natural food items will be effected due to the climate change (Wheeler and Von Braun 2013). Increase in the price will negatively influence the customers to buy the particular product. Thus, retail industry will be affected from having fewer customers. Woolworth deals in the clothing and apparel sectors also. This sector will also get adversely affected by the change in climate. It is due to the reasons that, various natural raw materials are being used in production of the dress materials (Kurukulasuriya and Rosenthal 2013). Production of these natural items will be affected by the change in the temperature and thus affecting the fashion retail business of Woolworths. Woolworths is having negative impact on the environment due to their business policies. Carbon emission is one of the major issues with them regarding climate change. Woolworths is one of the leading organizations in Australia in terms of carbon emission. This issue led to the increase of pollutant in the atmosphere which in turns leads to global warming. Exploitation of natural resources such as water is also a point of concern from the environmental perspective. Scarcity of water is already been seen in different regions. Exploitation and wastage of water by them is contributing in having more scarcity. Waste materials from their stores have also negative impact for the environment. Physical waste led to air and water pollutions. Also the electricity using by them is also contributing in global warming. Woolworths is one of the prominent organizations in Australian regions who pay a huge amount of electricity bills. Using more electricity means burning of more fossil fuels. Hence, burning of fossil fuels has a negative impact on the environment. Thus, Woolworths is indirectly contributing in burning fossil fuels and influencing the global warming. Woolworth has promoted various initiatives to counter these issues related to environment. The business policies of Woolworth are complied with the Kyoto protocol which is originated by United Nations. By adhering with the Kyoto protocol, they are committed in reducing the greenhouse gas generated from their facilities. Woolworths promoted a strategy named, doing the right thing in 2007 in order to decrease the carbon emissions from their various operational facilities. The target set in this policy is to reduce the carbon emissions, Opening of new green stores which will be environment friendly. These types of stores will have technologies to curb the impact on environment. The policy also includes target to reduce the wastage of water and preservation of water. They are also offering bins in their stores for the customers to deposit their waste plastic bags. These bags are being recycled and are used in various ways. Woolworths will also invest in generation of renewable energy which will prove cost-effective in the long-run for them. They are working with their suppliers in educating them about the impact of climate change (Arli et al. 2013). As Woolworth deals with food items, thus they have promoted awareness drive for their suppliers in order to produce food items complying with the environmental issues. Woolworths is now promoting recycled packages for their product. This will help in reducing the waste generated from the packaging materials. Also, the packages are done in such a way that, they will reduce the chance of damaging the product. Thus, wastage of product can also be prevented. They have taken an initiative to gradually reduce the waste from their stores. They will work on waste management and food rescue initiatives. They has set a target of reducing the deforestation gradually and aimed to achieve zero rate of deforestation for manufacturing their own branded products (Buizer, Humphreys and de Jong 2014). They have increased their investment on renewable energy such as, solar energy. Woolworths invested more than $2.3 million to install 4000 solar panels in the rooftop of their stores. From their already installed capacity, they have generated more 1560 MW. Strength of Woolworths includes the position of market leadership with having goodwill and reputation. It will help them to penetrate more in the market and expand in the new market. Moreover, the reduction in carbon footprint and introduction of cost efficient ways of packaging will help them to reduce the operating cost in the long term. Weakness includes the external threats from the natural and economic environments. For instance, the price of the products of Woolworths is being fixed by the Australian government, which will hamper their future growth. Retail industry as a whole shows a good growth in Australia, thus it will have a favorable impact on the business of Woolworth. In addition, introduction of Omni channel marketing strategy will enable them to target more number of audiences. Threats include entry of new competitors in the market. Already they are operating in an intensely competitive market which restricts them to increase their price of the products. Also, intervention from the government is also a threat for Woolworths. Woolworth has taken various initiatives in curbing the impact on environment (Smith 2013). However, effectiveness of the above discussed policies is not full proofed. It is due to the reason that, change in the organizational policies cannot able to check the environmental impact without having holistic approach from all the stakeholders. However, it is not mandatory for all to take care of the environment. The policies may not have the desired outcome. Also, the implementation of the policies is gradual in nature and cannot have instant outcome. Thus, instant reduction of impact on the environment is not possible. The retail industry as a whole has also taken few initiatives in order to curb the environmental impact (Smith 2013). They have made compulsory for all the retailers to issue their annual sustainability report based on their environmental policies. Retail industry is trying to cope up with the climate change. Industry is working on having fixed policies for environmental issue which will be followed by all the organizations. Retail industry is committed to work towards using renewable source of energy for their use of electricity in the stores (Twidell and Weir 2015). More green energy will be in use. Using more green energy on the whole industrial basis will have a huge positive impact on the environment. Retail industry caters with billion of customers every day. Therefore, it is being initiated that they will launch awareness drive for their customers to aware them about the climate change. The policies of the retail industry are also not full proofed regarding their effectiveness. Retail industry has taken these initiatives not as a mandatory but as options for the organizations. Hence, retail o rganizations are not bound to follow the initiatives taken. Moreover, clear policies about how to generate revenue in aligning with various policies related to the environment has not been initiated (Kozluk and Zipperer). According to several organizations, following strict environmental regulations will not fetch any outcome for them rather than it will be incurred as an extra expenses. Thus, it is required for the whole retail industry to come up with a clear planning about how to align their business objectives with the environmental policies. In Australia, majority of retail sectors are organized, however, there are some percentage of unorganized retailers also comprising of small organizations and businesses. It may pose a challenge for them to comply with the environmental decisions taken by the industry. Large retail firms have the ability to implement the regulations, but small organizations will not have the enough capital and infrastructure to implement (Ryan 2012). Therefore, the motive or objective of the environmental policies taken by the retail industry cannot be achieved as a whole. Retail industry in Australia should come up with sustainable policies which will be acceptable to all the stakeholders in the industry (Bocken and Allwood 2012). Organizations should have the clear knowledge about the objectives of their policies regarding environment. Environmental policies should not be diluted with the business objectives. Otherwise, it will not fetch its desired outcome. Proper implementation of these policies on the individual organizations as well as in the entire industry will not only reduce the environmental impact on and from their industry but also, it will aware billion of customers in initiating sustainable approach. Referencs Allwood, J.M., Cullen, J.M., Carruth, M.A., Cooper, D.R., McBrien, M., Milford, R.L., Moynihan, M.C. and Patel, A.C., 2012.Sustainable materials: with both eyes open(p. 384). Cambridge: UIT Cambridge. Arli, V., Dylke, S., Burgess, R., Campus, R. and Soldo, E., 2013. Woolworths Australia and Walmart US: Best practices in supply chain collaboration.Journal of Economics, Business Accountancy Ventura,16(1). Berkhout, F., 2012. Adaptation to climate change by organizations.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews: climate change,3(1), pp.91-106. Bocken, N.M.P. and Allwood, J.M., 2012. Strategies to reduce the carbon footprint of consumer goods by influencing stakeholders.Journal of Cleaner Production,35, pp.118-129. Buizer, M., Humphreys, D. and de Jong, W., 2014. Climate change and deforestation: The evolution of an intersecting policy domain.Environmental Science Policy,35, pp.1-11. Collins, M., Knutti, R., Arblaster, J., Dufresne, J.L., Fichefet, T., Friedlingstein, P., Gao, X., Gutowski, W.J., Johns, T., Krinner, G. and Shongwe, M., 2013. Long-term climate change: projections, commitments and irreversibility. Evanschitzky, H., Ramaseshan, B., Woisetschlger, D.M., Richelsen, V., Blut, M. and Backhaus, C., 2012. Consequences of customer loyalty to the loyalty program and to the company.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(5), pp.625-638. Hampson, D.P. and McGoldrick, P.J., 2013. A typology of adaptive shopping patterns in recession.Journal of Business Research,66(7), pp.831-838. Hk, M. and Tang, X., 2013. Depletion of fossil fuels and anthropogenic climate changeA review.Energy Policy,52, pp.797-809. Kozluk, T. and Zipperer, V., 2015. Environmental policies and productivity growth.OECD Journal: Economic Studies,2014(1), pp.155-185. Kurukulasuriya, P. and Rosenthal, S., 2013. Climate change and agriculture: A review of impacts and adaptations. Rose, S., Clark, M., Samouel, P. and Hair, N., 2012. Online customer experience in e-retailing: an empirical model of antecedents and outcomes.Journal of Retailing,88(2), pp.308-322. Ryan, S.P., 2012. The costs of environmental regulation in a concentrated industry.Econometrica,80(3), pp.1019-1061. Smith, K., 2013.Environmental hazards: assessing risk and reducing disaster. Routledge. Twidell, J. and Weir, T., 2015.Renewable energy resources. Routledge.e Wheeler, T. and Von Braun, J., 2013. Climate change impacts on global food security.Science,341(6145), pp.508-513. Woolworths Online. (2017).Woolworths Supermarket - Buy Groceries Online. [online] Available at: https://www.woolworths.com.au/Shop/Discover/about-us [Accessed 12 Jul. 2017].

About The Deadly Tangshan Earthquake

About The Deadly Tangshan Earthquake At 3:42 a.m. on July 28, 1976, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake hit the sleeping city of Tangshan, in northeastern China. The very large earthquake, striking an area where it was totally unexpected, obliterated the city of Tangshan and killed over 240,000 people - making it the deadliest earthquake of the twentieth century. Fireballs and Animals Give Warning Though scientific earthquake prediction is in its nascent stages, nature often gives some advance warning of an impending earthquake. In a village outside of Tangshan, well water reportedly rose and fell three times the day before the earthquake. In another village, gas began to spout out the water well on July 12 and then increased on July 25th and 26th. Other wells throughout the area showed signs of cracking. Animals also gave a warning that something was about to happen. One thousand chickens in Baiguantuan refused to eat and ran around excitedly chirping. Mice and yellow weasels were seen running around looking for a place to hide. In one household in the city of Tangshan, a goldfish began jumping wildly in its bowl. At 2 a.m. on July 28, shortly before the earthquake struck, the goldfish jumped out of its bowl. Once its owner had returned him to his bowl, the goldfish continued to jump out of its bowl until the earthquake hit.1 Strange? Indeed. These were isolated incidents, spread across a city of a million people and a countryside scattered with villages. But nature gave additional warnings. The night preceding the earthquake, July 27-28, many people reported seeing strange lights as well as loud sounds. The lights were seen in a multitude of hues. Some people saw flashes of light; others witnessed fireballs flying across the sky. Loud, roaring noises followed the lights and fireballs. Workers at the Tangshan airport described the noises as louder than that of an airplane.2 The Earthquake Strikes When the 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan at 3:42 a.m. on July 28, over a million people lay sleeping, unaware of the disaster that was to befall them. As the earth began to shake, a few people who were awake had the forethought to dive under a table or other heavy piece of furniture, but most were asleep and did not have time. The entire earthquake lasted approximately 14 to 16 seconds. Once the quake was over, the people who could, scrambled out into the open, only to see the entire city levelled. After an initial period of shock, the survivors began to dig through debris to answer the muffled calls for help as well as find loved ones still under rubble. As injured people were saved from under the rubble, they were lain on the side of the road. Many of the medical personnel were also trapped under debris or killed by the earthquake. The medical centers were destroyed as well as the roads to get there. Survivors were faced with no water, no food, and no electricity. All but one of the roads into Tangshan was undrivable. Unfortunately, relief workers accidentally clogged the one remaining road, leaving them and their supplies stuck for hours in the traffic jam. People needed help immediately; survivors could not wait for help to arrive. Survivors formed groups to dig for others. They set up medical areas where emergency procedures were conducted with the minimum of supplies. They searched for food and set up temporary shelters. Though 80 percent of the people trapped under rubble were saved, a 7.1 magnitude aftershock that hit in the afternoon of July 28 sealed the fate for many who had been waiting under the rubble for help. After the earthquake hit, 242,419 people lay dead or dying, along with another 164,581 people who were severely injured. In 7,218 households, all members of the family were killed by the earthquake. Corpses were buried quickly, usually close to the residences in which they perished. This later caused health problems, especially after it rained and the bodies were again exposed. Workers had to find these impromptu graves, dig up the bodies, and then move and rebury the corpses outside of the city.3 Damage and Recovery Before the 1976 earthquake, scientists didnt think Tangshan was susceptible to a large earthquake; thus, the area was zoned an intensity level of VI on the Chinese intensity scale (similar to the Mercalli scale). The 7.8 earthquake that hit Tangshan was given an intensity level of XI (out of XII). The buildings in Tangshan were not built to withstand such a large earthquake. Ninety-three percent of residential buildings and 78 percent of industrial buildings were completely destroyed. Eighty percent of the water pumping stations were seriously damaged and the water pipes were damaged throughout the city. Fourteen percent of the sewage pipes were severely damaged. The foundations of bridges gave way, causing the bridges to collapse. Railroad lines bent. Roads were covered with debris as well as riddled with fissures. With so much damage, recovery was not easy. Food was a high priority. Some food was parachuted in, but the distribution was uneven. Water, even just for drinking, was extremely scarce. Many people drank out of pools or other locations that had become contaminated during the earthquake. Relief workers eventually got water trucks and others to transport clean drinking water into the affected areas. After the emergency care was given, the rebuilding of Tangshan began almost immediately. Though it took time, the entire city was rebuilt and is again home to over a million people, earning Tangshan the name Brave City of China. Notes 1. Chen Yong, et al, The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: An Anatomy of Disaster (New York: Pergamon Press, 1988) 53.2. Yong, Great Tangshan 53.3. Yong, Great Tangshan 70. Bibliography Ash, Russell. The Top 10 of Everything, 1999. New York: DK Publishing, Inc., 1998. Yong, Chen, et al. The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: An Anatomy of Disaster. New York: Pergamon Press, 1988.

Parti Quebecios essays

Parti Quebecios essays The parti Quebecois had a huge impact on Canada as a nation because they suggested that the future of Quebec was to be independent. After World War One the controversy between English and French speaking Canadians arose again. There was a feeling of urgency and word of a referendum; they wanted to feel as a part of Canada. Many of the French speaking Canadians felt they would be better off as their own nation. Leaders of Quebec proposed sovereignty* and spoke passionately about Quebecs rights and wrongs. By November 1976 the impossible* was happening. There was a possibility that the largest province of Canada might separate and it made the Canadian Politicians rethink the laws of Canada. The Parti Quebecois created a more independent Quebec. *definition-1. supreme and unrestricted power a of a state. 2. The position, dominion, or authority of a sovereign 3. and independent state Collins English Dictionary, Third Edition Updated 1994 *polls showed that the separatists were right behind them in votes with a 46% Quebec wanted to be part of Canada. They had a feeling of urgency and they would do anything in their power to be heard. It all started the quiet revolution, which changed the thoughts of many of the French speaking people who when sour towards the English speaking Canadians. There was a thoughts to call a referendum to settler their problems. They felt that there was Quebec Racism,* which was discrimination towards all French speaking or back grounded Canadians. With many hard thoughts on what to do and how to settle the problems was to separation. They called an official referendum and many leaders fought for a long time. Much was settled but not enough to keep the Quebec people satisfied and they still pushed for a referendum. They got one soon after. There were many leaders at the time but one that was looked up for years to come was Rene Levesque. He proposed ...

VoFR, VoIP and ATM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

VoFR, VoIP and ATM - Essay Example This need of companies has resulted in the development of packet switching technologies. The integrated networks came to be known as 'Voice over Frame Relay' (VoFR), 'Voice over IP' (VoIP) and 'Voice over ATM' (VoATM). As the technology improves, it becomes cheaper. Due to this not only big corporates but small business houses and even schools and colleges will adopt these technologies in the near future. In 'Frame Relay' and IP the data is represented in the form of variable sized packets or frames. In ATM data is chopped into small cells which results in increased switching rate of data through the network. Unlike circuit switching where different time intervals are allocated to different links, the packet switching dynamically allots bandwidth to various links based on their transmission activity. ATM has been designed to reduce delays whereas the other two, FR and IP, have the disadvantage of having delays over circuit switching technologies. However the use of access devices such as routers that use sophisticated schemes enables to overcome this limitation. These schemes include 'Prioritization', 'Fragmentation', 'Silence Suppression' and 'Voice Compression'. The network developers of both service providers and en... Similarly for enterprise network developers the main attraction towards these technologies is the cost savings associated with toll bypass and tandem switching. Besides the cost of development, the maintenance cost is also les. Also, more efficient network control and management is achieved. 'Finally, packet based voice systems offer access to newly enhanced services such as unified messaging and application control. These, in turn, promise to increase the productivity of users and differentiate services' (cisco.com, 2005). The voice-data integration technologies have improved rapidly in recent years due to the eagerness shown by both developers and customers. The demand has increased as the customers are much more interested in investing in these technologies to enjoy integrated voice applications. The network developers have been fortunate enough in this case as there has been advancement in the areas such standards, technology and network performance. Overview of the technologies A general background of these technologies and the basic principles and features are given one by one in this section below:- Voice over Frame Relay (VoFR) Definition VoFR uses a router to carry voice traffic like telephone calls and faxes over a frame relay network. Deployment The most used packet voice technology in networks is VoFR generally used in corporates. Prioritization Frame relays use access devices which put 'Tags' on different applications setting priority to all of them depending on the sensitivity they show towards delay. The higher priority voice packets are allowed to move first and till that time the others are kept waiting. Fragmentation The data packets in this case are divided into small fragments which results

Biblical Philosophy of Education Research Paper

Biblical Philosophy of Education - Research Paper Example The Purpose of Education According to the Biblical message, the purpose of education is to increase in the knowledge of God and to subject the Earth and the Sea and the Sky to Gods glory. To illustrate, it is stated in Habakkuk 2:14 that â€Å"Earth shall be filled with the knowledge of the glory of the Lord as the waters cover the sea†. A look into John 8:31-32 gives further clarification to the issue. It states â€Å"If you hold to my teaching, you are really my disciples. Then you will know the truth, and the truth will set you free.† Evidently, the purpose of Christian education is to become the Disciples of Christ by knowing the truth. Education has no meaning except as it relates to a personal relationship with Jesus Christ. To illustrate, Matthew 16:26 states, â€Å"What good will it be for a man if he gains the whole world, yet forfeits his soul? Or what can a man give in exchange for his soul?† A similar notion comes from Ecclesiastes 1:14, which states â€Å"I have seen all the things that are done under the sun; all of them are meaningless, a chasing after the wind. Philippians 3:8 proclaims â€Å"I consider everything a loss compared to the surpassing greatness of knowing Christ Jesus my Lord, for whose sake I have lost all things. I consider them rubbish that I may gain Christ†. ... The second main point evident from the biblical philosophy is that education should support our proclamation of the truth. For example, 1Peter 3:15 states â€Å"Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have.† The third purpose of education is that it should facilitate our service to God and to people (Matthew 22:37-39), and the fourth purpose is that it should equip us to watch out that no one deceives us (Mathew 24:4, 5). However, if someone is to believe that the Bible is against using education as a means of livelihood, it is necessary to look into Genesis. It states, learning should equip us to work for a living and to support our families (Genesis 3:19). In addition, Proverbs 31:10-31 shows how skilled the wife of a noble character is. She does a number of works ranging from selecting wool and flax, and works with eager hands. Evidently, Bible is not against using skills and education as a means to survive, but it only glorifies the same. For evidence, 2 Timothy 3: 16-17 says that â€Å"man of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work†. In order to understand the purpose of education in a church perspective, one should listen to Colossians 1:17. It states, â€Å"He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together†. Thus, it is evidently said that true knowledge is possible only when it is grounded in God. In other words, the ones who do not acknowledge this fail in their interpretation of facts. A look into the Colossians 2: 2-10 will prove what the purpose of education is. It goes â€Å"my purpose is that they may†¦know the mystery of god, namely Christ in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge. I tell you this so that no one may deceive you by

Women and Politics Essay Example for Free

Women and Politics Essay There is no doubt that over the years, men have been dominating politics of most countries in the world. But it doesn’t mean they did splendid job in what they are suppose to do? Politics has never been an easy place for any man who supposedly can’t even handle political landscape at home. Family of course. Today, most countries in the world face problems of democracy, justice, equality, social problems arising from bad governance of those in corridor of power who are mostly men. Having failed to provide good governance, when come to think of it, there is nothing wrong if women who are noted to be caring, concern, and responsible are given more chances in government for possible change in the ‘status quo. Should a woman involve in politics have always been subject of controversy over the years. But among other political posts today few women are already presidents of countries and senators, assembly members, and councilors . Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner (Argentina), Dilma Rousseff (Brazil) and Joyce Banda (Malawi)- presidents of representative countries have proven that woman can own a place on the top of political settings. Woman have been viewed weak and are less interested or less knowledgeable about politics than men. Perhaps this is why women feel removed from the current political process. If women see that politics remains a men-only club then they are far less likely to participate and to put themselves forward. If they see a women leader in the political settings, it encourages them to vote, to campaign and to engage in politics. Many women cannot participate in politics because they are held back by factors such as violence, poverty, lack of access to quality education and health care, the double burden of paid and unpaid work. And because of these obstacles, we are losing a lot of good women leaders and countries and people are suffering from their absence. This is why it is so important to actively promote women’s political participation, including through affirmative measures, as appropriatee. Women’s participation is fundamental to democracy and essential to the achievement of sustainable development and peace. To show that countries with women’s leadership in the corporate sector results in improved business performance. And we know that countries with more women in parliament tend to have more equitable laws and social programmes and budgets that benefit women and children and families. In 1911, women were allowed to vote in just two countries in the world. Today, a century later, that right is virtually universal. All over the world, the cries for democracy are being amplified through new technology. With mobile phones, thanks to companies like Nokia and others, and twitter and facebook, women are making their voices heard, and there can be no real democracy without women’s full and equal participation. In every country and in every region, women want their voices to be heard. Given the challenges that we face today, we need the best leaders we can find, and many of these leaders are women. Women bring their own insights and perspectives, and diversity improves decision-making. Women tend not to be so concerned by institutional arrangements and big numbers, and focus instead on particular issues and how they affect their families. But one thing politicians know for certain is that we can only win elections if we win the support of female voters. If we look at the policy changes in paid maternity leave and family-friendly working hours, the huge increases in spending on health care and education, and the minimum wage, we can see radical change benefiting women.

Shakespeares Othello - Othello and Iago :: Othello essays

Othello and Iago The tragedy "Othello" by William Shakespeare is a story based upon the revenge of two characters, Othello and Iago. These two characters help to prove Murphey's Law which states that if something wrong can happen it will: for Othello it is the wrongful killing of his wife and friend, for Iago it is getting caught for his actions and finally being tortured. Many historians, actors, and readers would like to argue that Othello and Iago are very complex but at a closer look you will notice that their actions are purely based upon revenge for their iniquities. "I follow him to serve my turn upon him," said Iago (9:45). From the beginning of the story Iago has a cruel intent bent on destroying Othello merely because the job that he sought after was given to young Cassio. Exactly why his hatred burns so bright is unclear because it was not uncommon to lose a position to another soldier. With or without reasonable justification for revenge, Iago immediately starts to tear Othello apart by informing Brabantio (Desdemon's father, Othello;s wife) that she is out with a black ram and committing unjust acts. As time progresses Iago becomes more wrapped up in his lies that he even begins to believe that Othello has slept with his own wife, Emelia, and now he has even more reason to hate "the Moor", "I hate the Moor and it is thought abroad that `twixt my sheets `has done my office"( 55:429-431). Iago is so obsessed with his revenge on Othello that he does not care what happens to anyone else so long as he is happy. In the process of hur ting Othello he manages to have Roderigo killed, Cassio severely injured, his own wife Emelia is slain by his own hands, Desdemona dies at the hands of her husband Othello, and after everything Othello kills himself. Sadly Iago accomplishes his revenge but with so many casualties and then he himself is tortured and killed for his part in the great conspiracy, but before he is punished he has to see that Cassio will be the one to take Othello's place (a strange irony since it was Cassio that Iago was jealous of).

Mussolini’s Relationship with Hitler

There were many similarities between Mussolini and Hitler even though the two exhibited some differences. Having risen to power earlier, in the 1920s, Mussolini was the senior between the two and had a great influence on Hitler. Hitler saw in him a teacher who helped him shape his policies. The two however had individual characteristics that made their lives quite different. As much as Hitler went to school and graduated as a fine art student, Mussolini was self – educated (Trifkovic 1993). The latter had a larger than life approach to life and he wanted to be perceived as a superman by the people. In this way he would fake pictures portraying him as a master of various skills including a pilot, wrestler etc. On the other hand Hitler had a less colorful view of life. He was more successful in battle; being able to win majority of the wars that he staged against his enemies. In this way Germany was able to conquer other nations. As much as his friend found it easy to conquer other nations due to his early war experience and the huge army back at home; Mussolini had a difficult time in winning battles. In most of the battles he had to depend on the assistance of the Germans in order to become victorious (Carpi 1994). The two leaders were nevertheless hungry for power and were inclined to totalitarian leadership. They both had been wounded in battle and had almost taken a similar avenue to power (Hayes 1995). There election promise to restore hope and help solve the unemployment problem earned them the support and sympathy from the majority voters. In some way they did not fail as both German and Italy significantly reduced the levels of unemployment in the initial years of their leadership (Cassels 1963). The two had a hot cold relationship. Despite the signing the Pact of Steel, which called for cooperation between the two countries in matters economical, militaristic and on foreign policy issues; still there are times when one of the countries would act without due consultation with the other. Ascension to Power There is great similarity in the manner that the two leaders campaigned for political leadership and got elected to the office. There countries by the time were facing unemployment problems, hopelessness and disillusionment. The citizens were therefore anticipating for someone who would literary save them from the situation. The coming of both Mussolini and Hitler was perceived as a great relieve to the economic situation of the time. There campaign which was fierce propaganda helped to catapult the two dictators into office. This propaganda continued to play a key role in the governments and administration of the day; the citizens were totally unaware of the true information that the government was acting upon. In times of war or when the government made important decisions that directly or indirectly affected the lives of the citizens; there were totally kept in the dark (Weber 1982). The two dictators all had a similar script to help them rule over the people (Flood 1989). They were at a point of establishing a new leadership whereby the individual was the one and only decision maker. This totalitarian government did not tolerate any form of opposition either from an individual or groups. It was therefore common for those who expressed ideas or views that were opposed to the leader to either face prosecution without trial or they were simply liquidated. The two leaders had an unquenchable thirst for power. This trait seemed to have cemented their relationship as they tended to see oneself in the character of the other. Hitler had been able to learn from Mussolini the way to govern a nation with the full authority centered on one individual. In mastering the way Mussolini carried out the affairs of the nation and particularly the conduct of the military; Hitler was eventually able to come up with his own style of leadership (Flood 1989). He was however very critical to avoid the mistakes that his friend had made. So in imitating his manner and way of leadership, he was also aware of the pitfalls that come with overindulgence more so exhibitionism. Foreign Policy It is because of the thirst for power and having the same style of leadership that the two dictators had to settle for an agreement such that they will support one another in case of war. This agreement otherwise referred to as the Pact of Steel was more in favor of Hitler’s Germany that is was for Italy (Corrado 1993). There was an unquenchable thirst for power on the part of Mussolini – for he had seen a powerful ally in Germany – that made him sign the deal. Later on it came to Italy’s realization that Germany was too aggressive in a bid to try and expand its influence thus fought a number of war expecting the cooperation of Italy. At least in two instances Italy declined to get involved in the wars despite the agreement. In both the 1939 and 1940 war, the former being the German’s invasion of Poland, there had been no cooperation between the countries. In the latter case the hesitation came since Mussolini had seen the possibility of Germany benefiting entirely from the invasion. The foreign policies of both Mussolini and Hitler were primarily addressing the expansion of their empire. The two would not squander any opportunity to try and spread there influence. For instance the involvement of Italy in the Spanish war was basically as a result of hunger for power by Mussolini. In this civil war that proved to be quite unpopular in Italy; was a way to get another member to the club of dictators. Already Hitler and Mussolini had perceived themselves as the most powerful nations in Europe. The two come up with an axis to which the other European countries revolved. According to Mussolini Italy would not miss the opportunity to spread its power and influence to other nations. In this stance Italy was backed by Germany and together they rallied their support for Franco. The two were in favor of another establishment of a Fascist dictatorship in Europe. In this war there combined force succeeded in having Franco joining the club of dictators. The effect of this war was a further alienation of Italy from the rest of Europe. It implied that the only option and way that was open to Italy was to augment its friendship with Germany. The Military The military might of Germany was not only one of the best but also the biggest. It was said to be five times more that the limit set by international standards. The significance of the great numbers of the officers was apparent. The nation went and fought many wars and was able to be successful in most of them. The military had been well equipped with sophisticated weapons and personnel that made it difficult to be defeated by any other nation. The two leaders were so much fascinated by the army such that even they themselves would always be seen in the army uniforms. In these military activities the leaders also were able to influence one another in one way or another. For instance the Nazi salute came from a direct imitation from the Mussolini army. Similarly there are a number of ideas that Mussolini borrowed from Hitler after he had visited his country and allowed to see the military. On seeing the military might of the Germans he made up his mind to maintain friendship with Hitler. Mussolini knew little about the military hence it was always divided and fragmented. There seemed to be no way to make the factions stick together and be loyal to their commander-in – chief. For a period of a decade or so Mussolini tried to consolidate and manage the military effectively. He could achieve but little success in this regard as his military exhibited weakness due to the internal divisions. This can be contrasted to his friend whose military was so compact and their loyalty was not compromised. The military was more of a cult than a professional body meant to safeguard the security of the nation. The German soldiers were simply dehumanized such that they were like automatons to follow orders that were given by their superiors. Together in Fascism Fascism seemed to have glued the two dictators together. They both found great relieve and prestige in holding absolute power. Fascism is regarded as unmasked capitalism since it has as its core value the idea of big business (Weber 1982). The two dictators were beneficiaries of the big business helping them ascend to leadership positions. It was therefore there prime role to ensure that the idea does not die with their coming into power. Fascism therefore continued to appeal to the emotions of the masses as it took on symbolism such as the hand salute, flags and creeds. Both Hitler and Mussolini exhibited these qualities and also the tendency towards racism, nationalism and sadism. Fascism detested so much the status quo and this has been the defining trait of both the dictators. Mussolini ensured that all political parties were dissolved. This gave him absolute power to rule over the state of Italy. He got to control each and everything in the country; the most powerful ministries were placed in his hands. These include defense, home and foreign affairs and corporations. Similarly he employed a lot of propaganda machinery such that the citizens are kept out of the picture. Everyone was made to believe that Fascism was the one and only system that could work in the 20th century (Griffin 2000). The other forms of government such as democracy and liberalism were to be shunned since they were outdated and could not be adopted. This manner of leadership was much akin to that of Adolph Hitler, just like his friend, he accomplished most of his goals through propaganda. A student of Mussolini, Hitler perfected the art of propaganda (Sternhell 1994). He was able to persuade the entire nation to support his goals and ideals in order to achieve a common purpose. Hitler had an entire ministry allotted to propaganda. Initially Mussolini held the policy of privatization of industries to the satisfaction of the financers. This was however a short term measure as the policy was reversed such that the government took on the control of the industries (Seldes 1935). As Mussolini struggled to ensure economic and financial independence of Italy – it was vital the country to have enough resources. This was not the case with Italy which struggled with limited resource allocation. To some extend Hitler had the resources to sustain his economy. He was able to solve the unemployment problem in the country and meet the demands of the huge army. Though the nation had been sidelined by other nations due to its aggressive behavior, still the economy did not flounder. This success story did not last for long as there were many obstacles on the way of achieving the goals that the leaders had set in mind. The Fascism ideology failed in its endeavor to bring some substantial changes in the human person and the society at large. First the two major personalities that stood for the idea actually met the most miserable of deaths. No one really wants to remember the actions of the two dictators. Similarly the goals of Fascism namely to come up with a society and human beings that are heroically moral were never to be realized. At first both Mussolini and Hitler were revered and admired by the citizen as they seem to have brought the changes that were badly needed by them and the society as a whole (Trifkovic 1993). This did not last long more so for Mussolini whom everyone soon realized his true character. The alienation of the two individuals by the civilized nations of Europe show how they were affected by their policies. However one cannot simply dismiss Mussolini as a failure who brought nothing but misery to his country. On the contrary Mussolini has been noted to have established the most stable government ever. It is as a result of his government that the nation of Italy can boast of a stable foundation. Similarly the good infrastructure of the country traces its roots back to the leadership of Mussolini. This is not to approve of his character or Fascism as a form of leadership. Any leader can take advantage of any form of leadership. In the case of Mussolini and Hitler the two used the power that had been bestowed on them to ensure that no one opposes their leadership. They systematically eliminated the individuals or groups that were not in favor of their policies. Common Tendencies Since Mussolini and Hitler were regarded as friends they were prone to show similarities in their actions. In some of their actions however the two lacked straight forwardness and tended to be some aspect of distrust. Germany and Italy both left the League of Nations, the former in 1933 while the latter – incensed by the imposition of sanctions by the league after invading Ethiopia – left in 1939. This shows how closely the two leaders influenced the behavior of one other. The attempt to try and occupy Albania by Mussolini had been noted as being synonymous with Hitler’s invasion and later occupation of Czechoslovakia and Austria. This attempt, unlike that of Hitler, did not bear any fruit as the Italian forces were defeated and forced to withdraw from Albania. The foreign policy of the two dictators were therefore similar to a greater extend but the political and military might of Germany was far much superior compared to that of Italy. It is for this reason that analysts were concerned that Mussolini was in fact simply a puppet of his comrade. The foreign policies of Mussolini and Hitler were meant for the achievement of power and status. There were both in favor of the expansion of their empires. To achieve this purpose the dictators employed force and diplomacy. For instance in 1935 take over of Ethiopia, Mussolini had to use force. Similarly Hitler had to threaten with the use of force in order to occupy Austria. In this way the two dictators exhibit the same manner of approach in an attempt to gain power. In brief the two fascist dictators were cut in the same cloth (Trifkovic 1993). There character though seemed to show some variation it was nonetheless the same. Everything that the two dictators did could be brought down to the thirst for power. This was mostly accomplished through wars. The Wars The civil war in Spain that lasted for three years saw the exhibition of new weapons and brought to the fore rivalries between the nations. The war simply showed who is who in the world. There were democracies on one hand comprising of countries such as Belgium, Britain, France and Holland. One the other hand there were the totalitarian regimes which included Russia, Italy and Germany. The might of these nations was to be exhibited in Spain during the civil war. Countries such as France and Britain however did not want to get involved in the crisis and therefore kept off the battlefield. This war was therefore fueled by external forces with little participation of internal forces. In participating in the war, Mussolini was acting against the will of a significant number of Italians. The war was not popular with the majority people since it was simply meant to quench the thirst for power of an individual. Mussolini wanted to have another dictator to join in Europe to join him and Hitler. In this endeavor together with Hitler they recorded huge success after General Franco won the war. Italy had been reluctant to join the First World War due to domestic policies that favored a liberal stance. By then Mussolini was allied to the socialist party thus held to the principles of the party. He later on changed his mind and joined Hitler’s faction on the battlefield. This angered the socialist party leadership thus resulting to his expulsion from the party. Similarly in the Second World War Mussolini was reluctant to join his friend as he was unsure on which side to fight. He was later to make up his mind after he had witnessed the progress in the war. Despite the fact that Hitler was more successful in war compared to Mussolini, the wars kept their relationship close and tight. The invasion of Italy to both Greek and Ethiopia – the former due to the supposed killing of her soldiers while the latter just a revenge mission on an occurrence that happened many years back – led the country to face sanctions from the League of Nations. This was very disagreeable to Mussolini thus making him withdraw from the league. He, just as his friend Hitler had come to the realization that the league could not stand on the way to acquisition of colonies. In order to understand the two leaders one has to place their actions in their respective context. It was the time when the nation’s exalted wars and there was much honor and prestige in conquering another nation. The philosophy of the time was mostly in the favor of the Germanys. This is notably Fred rich Nietzsche whom it is said to have influenced both Hitler and Mussolini with his idea of the superman. This idea was later to become the obsession of Mussolini. He wanted everyone to believe that he had extraordinary qualities. In his approach to many issues and problems that faced his country, Mussolini lacked a realistic approach. Betrayal In one way or another friendship between Mussolini and Hitler has not been smooth running. There have been ups and downs; sometimes they did cooperate while other times the two were totally on different paths. In most cases Mussolini was the victim of the betrayal as he was the lesser of the two in the relationship. In the Pact of Steel for instance the two were to stand by one another in case one declared war on another country. This was not to be as Italy was reluctant to join Germany in its attempt to invade Poland; an incidence that caused the Second World War (Trifkovic 1993). In failing to join his friend in war despite the deal that had been made earlier on, Mussolini was declaring his independence. There is also the possibility that the army was not prepared to fight at the time. The failure to abide by the Pact of Steel can also be as a result of the feeling that Hitler was opportunistic. His military was in fact more aggressive compared to that of Italy. This meant that Italy will serve as the puppet to be manipulated by Germany. Considering the character of both Mussolini and Hitler, none would be willing to accept such a demeaning position. Even with the apparent friendship between Mussolini and Hitler, the latter was said to have recommended Hitler for excommunication to the pope. This action, considering the closeness of the two, had two implications; one is that in essence it sounds factual and quite obvious. On the other hand it is shocking for the suggestion to come from ones friend. The two had cooperated in many things and continued to do so. In fact when everyone else seemed to turn his back against Mussolini, it is Hitler that came to his rescue. The incidence is therefore quite shocking as it is interesting. For no one really knew the true character of these individuals. Not even there closest friends. Nevertheless the two did cooperate in many spheres of life. If it were not for the support of the Germany military, then Mussolini will not have achieved some of the victories that were pegged to his name and regime (Cassels 1963). The most significant aspect of the relationship is the rescue that was carried out by the German soldiers. Mussolini having been arrested and imprisoned in the mountain top; it took the world by storm to see that the German soldiers were able to rescue him (Trifkovic 1993). This was a true display of friendship between Hitler and Mussolini. In fact after the rescue Mussolini was reported to have anticipated his friend’s assistance. Likewise Hitler could not afford to do nothing considering that the friend has been kept in prison. Conclusion It is apparent that for anyone to effectively discuss the actions of Mussolini he will not avoid to mention Hitler. The two cooperated in a number of ways and in carrying out the affairs that badly affected the world. Among the things that fascinated the two principles were war and the military. The obsession with both the military and war made them to always show up in the public in full military uniforms. Nothing however is more notable of the two than their thirst for power. It is primarily for the want of excessive power that the two Fascist dictators saw a similarity in one another bringing them closer together. Even though Mussolini had pioneered in totalitarian leadership, it is Hitler that perfected the practice. He learned from the failures of Mussolini thus able to avoid the pitfalls. In brief, the relationship between Mussolini and Hitler had been a friendly one till when death set them apart.

From Victimization to Independence in The Color Purple by...

The novel The Color Purple by Alice Walker, won the American Book Award in fiction in 1983 (Slomski). Celie was raped and impregnated by the man she considered to be her father twice at the age of fourteen, and then later married off to a poor black farmer. The man who Celie is sold to treats her as if she is a servant, not as his wife. Mr.___ believes that women are supposed to serve men, while they enjoy life. Mr.__’s other beliefs about women are that they should obey their husbands, work, and not be seen or heard (Averbach). Women in this time period were seen as children. They did not deserve to be respected and needed to be controlled by a man. Celie endures over thirty years of physical and mental abuse by her husband. Celie†¦show more content†¦Celie feels isolated and ashamed, she tells God about â€Å"her life of brutality and exploitation at the hands of men she has encountered† during her life (McDowell 143). Celie’s stepfather marries her of f to a man who also beats her â€Å"He beat me like he beat the children. Cept he don’t never hardly beat them. He say Celie, git the belt...It all I can do not to cry. I make myself wood, I say to myself, Celie you a tree. That’s how come I know trees fear man† (22). Celie does not fight back against her husband when he beats or raises his voice at her. Celie has just learned to accept and ignore the way that he mistreats her. Celie believes that if she fights back it will not do anything but make matters worst. Celie survives her victimization, by recognizing that fighting back causes more problems instead of solving them (Harris). Celie will take any abuse to her mind and body as long as she is allowed to stay alive (Harris): â€Å"I don’t say nothing. I think about Nettie, dead. She fight she run away. What good it do? I don’t fight, I stay where I’m told. But I’m alive† (21). This causes Celie to â€Å"continues to believe that others are responsible for her destiny and that she can only have as much space as they will grant her† (Harris). The abuse Celie has gone through has resulted in her not having any self-confidence and judging herself harshly, which has led her to believe that since she is ugly, and that sheShow MoreRelatedAlice Walkers Themes of Womanism, Community, and Regeneration1968 Words   |  8 PagesLi Mrs. Harper English 6H 7th February 2011 Alice Walkers Themes of Womanism, Community, and Regeneration Alice Walker is considered one of the most influential African American writers of the 20th century, because of her raw portrayal of African American struggles and the injustices towards black women. She was the first African American female novelist to win both the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book Award for The Color Purple. Her work is appealing and powerful because â€Å"WalkersRead MoreLiterary Analysis: The Color Purple Essay1388 Words   |  6 Pagesstory- a story from which inspiration flourishes, providing a source of liberating motivation to its audience, or a story that simply aspires to touch the hearts and souls of all of those who read it. One of the most prevalent themes in historical types of these kinds of literature is racism. In America specifically, African Americans endured racism heavily, especially in the South, and did not gain equal rights until the 1960s. In her renowned book The Color Purple, Alice Walker narrates the journeyRead MoreSexual Assa ult Against Women Essay953 Words   |  4 Pagesbut it has a physically and psychologically effect on the victim in many ways. For the last couple of decades, sexual assault, rape, and child molestation has become the focal point of public concerns today. According to a 1993 National Crime Victimization Survey conducted by the U.S. Department of Justice, about 500,000 rapes or sexual assaults occur each year (Statistics, March 2010). The Department of Justice states that, â€Å"rape crimes have risen nearly three times as fast as the total crime rate†Read MoreRacial Segregation And Racial Equality Essay1834 Words   |  8 Pagesstrengthened the cause for equality, integration, and tolerance among all people, which is something their bigoted minds cannot comprehend. Toni Morrison and Alice Walker use their own struggles with racism and sexism to articulate the prejudice and oppression black women face in an American culture dominated by white men in The Bluest Eye and The Color Purple. Pecola and Celie, both young black women, exemplify this oppression not only through extreme sexual violence but also in a lack of freedom, equality